Drugs: the complete collection
 Drugs: the complete collection

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Drugs: the complete collection

All Effectiveness Bank analyses to date of documents related to use and problem use of illegal drugs starting with the analyses most recently added or updated, totalling today 815 documents.

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REVIEW 2011 HTM file
Adult drug courts

United States Government Accountability Office.
United States Government Accountability Office, 2011.
Recent US drug court studies reviewed for the US Congress by its audit and evaluation office support their crime-reduction credentials, though most studies are methodologically weak. Generally too, benefits outweigh costs, but not consistently.

STUDY 2009 HTM file
Does implementation of clinical practice guidelines change nurses' screening for alcohol and other substance use?

Tran D.T., Stone A.M., Fernandez R.S. et al.
Contemporary Nurse: 2009, 33(1), p. 13–19.
Hospital nurses in Sydney in Australia were trained to implement a new screening and intervention policy aiming to upgrade the identification of hazardous drinkers and other substance users among medical and surgical inpatients. Disappointing results highlight the need to do more than inform and exhort if practice is to change.

STUDY 2009 HTM file
Therapist behavior as a predictor of black and white caregiver responsiveness in multisystemic therapy

Foster S.L., Cunningham P.B., Warner S.E. et al.
Journal of Family Psychology: 2009, 23(5), p. 626–635.
How to get parents more engaged in becoming a positive influence over their seriously delinquent drug abusing teenagers through family therapy integrated in to a US juvenile drug court. Some of the therapist tactics expected to work did deepen engagement, others did not.

STUDY 2011 HTM file
Injectable extended-release naltrexone for opioid dependence: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre randomised trial

Krupitsky E., Nunes E.V., Ling W. et al.
Lancet: 2011, 377, p. 1506–1513.
In Russia, injecting detoxified opiate addicts with long-acting naltrexone which blocks opiates for a month meant more were able to stay off the drugs, findings which helped persuade US authorities to approve it for this role. Others argue this was precipitate given the lack of evidence on overdose protection.

STUDY 2012 HTM file
The commissioning and provision of advocacy for problem drug users in English DATS: a cross-sectional survey

Cargill T., Weaver T.D., Patterson S.
Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy: 2012, 19(2) , p. 163–170.
The first investigation of the commissioning and provision of advocacy services for problem drug users in England comes to the disappointing conclusion that far from being seen (as per national guidance) as "essential", in practice it is usually an optional extra which gives way to competing priorities.

STUDY 2011 HTM file
Extended telephone-based continuing care for alcohol dependence: 24-month outcomes and subgroup analyses

McKay J.R., Van Horn D., Oslin D.W. et al.
Addiction: 2011, 106(10), p. 1760–1769.
At Philadelphia clinics seeing alcohol- (and often cocaine-) dependent patients, spending on average another nine minutes to offer counselling as well as progress checks during aftercare phone calls made the difference between a programme which did rather than did not consistently improve on usual arrangements, at least while it was operative.

REVIEW 2011 HTM file
The Good Behavior Game and the future of prevention and treatment

Kellam S.G., Mackenzie A.C.L., Brown H.C. et al.
Addiction Science and Clinical Practice: July 2011, p. 73–84.
From the researchers involved in the trials, a practitioner-friendly account of research on the classroom management technique implemented in the first years of schooling which has led to remarkably strong and persistent impacts on substance use and other problems in later life.

STUDY 2008 HTM file
Effects of a universal classroom behavior management program in first and second grades on young adult behavioral, psychiatric, and social outcomes

Kellam S.G., Brown C.H., Poduska J.M. et al.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence: 2008, 95(suppl. 1), p. S5–S28.
In their first years at school, Baltimore pupils formed teams which could earn prizes and praise for good behaviour; 14 years later many fewer young lives were marred by substance-related problems, threatened by smoking, or on track to cause serious social problems.

STUDY 2010 HTM file
Naltrexone implants compared to methadone: outcomes six months after prison release

Lobmaier P.P., Kunøe N., Waal H.
European Addiction Research: 2010, 16(3), p. 139–145.
In the first study of its kind opiate-dependent prisoners in Norway were randomly allocated to a six-month implant which blocks the effects of heroin or to methadone which substitutes for heroin as a way of bridging the period after release. Among the few interested in either option, they led to equivalent reductions in opiate use and crime.

STUDY 2010 HTM file
Treatment research in prison: problems and solutions in a randomized trial

Lobmaier P.P., Kunøe N., Waal H.
Addiction Research and Theory: 2010, 18(1), p. 1–13.
In the first study of its kind, as a way of bridging the period after release opiate-dependent prisoners in Norway were randomly allocated to a six-month implant which blocks the effects of heroin or to methadone which substitutes for heroin. Many prisoners rejected treatment, wrongly believing they would sustain abstinence on release.


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